• In conclusion we demonstrate for the first time that histami

  2021-10-14

  

  In conclusion, we demonstrate, for the first time, that histamine plays a key role in regulating astrocyte function and gliotransmitter release, and we now must re-consider the roles of monoamine neurotransmitters in brain function in the context of astrocyte signalling. Further in vivo studies will

• a short text br STAR Methods br Author Contributions br Intr

  2021-10-14

  

  STAR★Methods Author Contributions Introduction Hyaluronan, a major constituent of the extracellular matrix (ECM), is produced by hyaluronan synthases (HASs) and degraded by hyaluronidases (HYALs) (Vigetti et al., 2014). Physiologically, hyaluronan exists in a form with a molecular weight of

• G protein coupled receptor kinases GRKs are another group

  2021-10-14

  

  G protein-coupled receptor kinases (GRKs) are another group of kinases whose limited substrate repertoire is associated with an extensive binding interface. GRKs phosphorylate activated G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) at multiple sites, promoting binding of arrestin proteins to mediate receptor

• In this study using the

  2021-10-14

  

  In this study, using the RBD (Byr2)-GST pull-down assay associated with mass spectrometry, we also detected some kinases interacting with Ras-GTP under NO treatment. Among the kinases identified by mass spectrometry, we highlight Ste11 (designated Byr2 in S. pombe), Ste7 (Byr1) and Hog1. Interesting

• Taken together specific antibodies and SR SIM used in the

  2021-10-14

  

  Taken together, specific BMN-673 and SR-SIM used in the study helped uniquely visualize the distribution of lymphocytes and macrophages with their molecular expression in human cochleae. Using SR-SIM, we verified that resident IBA1-positive macrophages are widely distributed in human cochlea (Liu e

• Milligan et al demonstrated the

  2021-10-14

  

  Milligan et al. [31] demonstrated the important role of TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β in the development of mechanical hyperalgesia induced by intrathecal injection of gp120. Because of this work, we decide to produce and purify gp120 to develop biological systems to study pain and behavior in rodents. Intr

• Morin is a flavonoid that has

  2021-10-14

  

  Morin is a flavonoid that has shown to have effective anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor function [118]. Morin was able to block the activation of NF-κB pathway by ROS and inflammatory cytokines, preventing a signaling cascade resulting in cell death [121]. Morin exerted its control over the signaling

• br Introduction The generic antifibrinolytic drug tranexamic

  2021-10-14

  

  Introduction The generic antifibrinolytic drug tranexamic 6-Chloromelatonin (TXA) inhibits the protein-protein interaction between plasminogen and fibrin [9]. TXA is frequently used to reduce bleeding in various hemorrhagic conditions, such as during surgical procedures in the heart [19]. Howeve

• Recent data from an investigation conducted with

  2021-10-14

  

  Recent data from an investigation conducted with beta-cell cultures and animals suggest that FFAR1 gene ezh2 inhibitor is modulated by stimulation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARG) [10]. Intriguingly, in 2001 we had demonstrated effects of the PPARG Pro12Ala single nucleoti

• br Results br Discussion Arc p forms a ternary complex

  2021-10-14

  

  Results Discussion Arc1p forms a ternary complex with ScMetRS and ScGluRS and acts as a tIF in trans of both synthetases to improve their catalytic efficiencies.20., 24. The human homolog of Arc1p, the p43 protein, is associated within a multi-enzyme complex containing nine aminoacyl-tRNA synt

• br Experimental section br Acknowledgments MIN cells were ki

  2021-10-14

  

  Experimental section Acknowledgments MIN6 azd2014 were kindly provided by Dr. Junichi Miyazaki, Osaka University. This research was supported in part by the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of Japan (JP16H05099 and JP18H04609 to K.H., and JP16H06574 to T.U.), SEN

• Attempting to further elucidate the role

  2021-10-14

  

  Attempting to further elucidate the role of Exendin-3 (9-39) amide and activation of the Gcgr without the influence of GLP-1, we used DT-Gcg mice with acute knockdown of all proglucagon products. This mouse model has previously been shown previously to have a normal total islet area as well as β cel

• As early as glucagon was shown to increase

  2021-10-14

  

  As early as 1957, glucagon was shown to increase α-Bungarotoxin expenditure in rodents in both pair-feeding studies and through directly increasing oxygen consumption [23], [24]. This has more recently been confirmed in man, through indirect calorimetry during glucagon infusions [25], [26], [27]. T

• According to its major function as master

  2021-10-13

  

  According to its major function as master regulator of BA homeostasis, FXR has been shown to have a specific tissue distribution; it is expressed along the entire gastrointestinal tract with a peak in the liver and ileum, as well as in the kidney, and adrenal glands [30], [66], [135]. Low FXR expres

• br Discussion The initial reduction and the

  2021-10-13

  

  Discussion The initial reduction and the subsequent increase in permeability proposes a regulatory process to control bleeding. However, following repeated injury, or during long-term presence of the inflammatory stimuli, these mechanisms may become defective and even detrimental. The expression

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